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Barely two decades after the Asian financial crisis Asia was
suddenly confronted with multiple challenges originating outside
the region: the 2008 global financial crisis, the European debt
crisis, and finally developed economies' implementation of
unconventional monetary policies. The implementation of
quantitative easing, ultra-low interest rate policies, and negative
interest rate policies by a number of large central banks has given
rise to concerns over financial stability and international capital
flows. Macroeconomic Shocks and Unconventional Monetary Policy:
Impacts on Emerging Markets explains how shocks stemming from the
global financial crisis have affected macroeconomic and financial
stability in emerging Asia. Macroeconomic Shocks and Unconventional
Monetary Policy: Impacts on Emerging Markets brings together the
most up-to-date knowledge impacts of recent macroeconomic shocks on
Asia's real economy; the spillover effects of macroeconomic shocks
on financial markets and flows in Asia; and key challenges for
monetary, exchange rate, trade and macro prudential policies of
developing Asian economies. It is authored by experts in the field
of international macroeconomics from leading academic institutions,
central banks, and international organizations including the
International Monetary Fund, the Bank for International Settlement,
and the Asian Development Bank Institute.
The services economy is on the rise all around the world, and
services now comprise the largest share of economic activity and
employment in almost every country.This book presents the latest
evidence demonstrating how technologies and globalization have
transformed the services industry. Services are becoming
increasingly tradable under World Trade Organization rules and
regional trade agreements, and some services subsectors are also
seeing rates of productivity growth comparable to that in
manufacturing. At the same time, services are increasingly
contributing to manufacturing success, and countries' overall
economic competitiveness now hinges crucially on the availability
of high-quality and affordable services inputs. Furthermore, a
well-functioning services sector can accelerate human development
through better access to basic needs, such as education, energy,
finance, health, water, and sanitation. Services can also be a
source of good jobs with fewer negative environmental and social
externalities. Overall, the ongoing structural transformation
toward a services economy is a unique opportunity to achieve
long-term income growth, which in turn promotes sustainable
development. This book offers suggestions on how to achieve this,
and is thus an indispensable read for researchers and policy makers
alike.
This publication discusses how carbon pricing instruments can be
designed to help achieve net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission
targets while enabling economic recovery from the coronavirus
disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Carbon pricing is a key element of the
broader climate policy architecture that can help countries reduce
GHG emissions cost-effectively, while mobilizing fiscal resources
to foster green recovery and growth. The publication introduces
carbon pricing instruments that can help countries design and
implement an efficient climate change response. It also underscores
the important role of carbon pricing in achieving nationally
determined contributions and developing road maps for longer-term
net-zero GHG emission targets.
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